Abstract
Background:
Self Confidence
is one of the personality traits which is a composite of a person's thoughts
and feelings, strivings and hopes, fears and fantasies, his view of what he is,
what he has been, what he might become, and his attitudes pertaining to his
worth. Self Confidence is a positive attitude of oneself towards one’s
self-concept. It is an attribute of perceived self. Self Confidence refers to a
person's perceived ability to tackle situations successfully without leaning on
others and to have a positive self-evaluation. A self-confident person
perceives himself to be socially competent, emotionally mature, intellectually
adequate, successful, satisfied, decisive, optimistic, independent,
self-reliant, self-assured, forward moving, fairly assertive and having
leadership qualities. So the concept of Self Confidence enjoys important
position in the theories of human behavior and personality and is regarded as a
basic condition of human existence in modern day world by many thinkers.
Gayatri Upasana is
one of the yogic techniques consist meditation, japa, Dev-poojanam, yagaya and
so on.It is first introduced by Pt.Shriram Sharma Acharya,founder of All World Gayatri
Pariwar.
Purpose: The
purpose of the study is to assess the effect of Gayatri Upasana on Self-confidence
to adjust effectively to its environment with emotional stability.
Research Methodology: The
students of Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya (DSVV) (N1=30, N2=30)
in which N1 is the students(18 Boys+12 Girls) who practice gayatri
Upasana regularly and N2 is Students(18 Boys+12 Girls) who do not
practice gayatri Upasana regularly. Through the Agnihotri Self Confidence
Inventory we collect the data and then scoring and statistical analysis has
done.
Sample and Sampling: This
research was carried out using Accidental Sampling where we randomly assigned
subjects as per their availability.
Research Design: This
research was formulated using two groups of boys and girls which practice and non-practice
gayatri upasana, through filling Agnihotri Self-confidence Inventory.
Tools: Tool
used for the test is questionnaire based Agnihotri Self Confidence Inventory developed
by Dr.(Miss) Rekha Agnihotri ,P.G Department of Psychology R.G College Meerut .
It measures the Self Confidence among adolescents and adults. Self-confidence
refers to a person’s perceived ability to tackle situations successfully
without leaning on others and to have a positive self-evaluation.
Procedure:
Collect the data from regular
practitioner and non practitioner of
Gyatri upasana students of Dsvv .
Statistical Analysis:
For carrying out analysis of the data obtained through filling ASCI, we used t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means
with the help of MS-Excel.
Result:
The self-confidence level is significantly increased while measured of the
statistical data i.e
Key words: Self
Confidence, Gayatri Upasana, Jap, Meditation etc.
Conclusion: Gayatri sadhana is good yogic techniques for
develop holistic approach of life.In our comparative research work,we have seen effects of Gayatri
sadhana on self-confidence among the Gayatri Upasana to compare with control
group.We studied upon boys and girls separately, the result has shown highly
significant among both of level 0.05 & 0.01 level of confidence.
Introduction
Confident people have deep faith in their future
and can accurately assess their capabilities. They also have a general sense of
control in their lives and believe that, within reason, they will be able to do
what they desire, plan and expect, no matter what the foreseeable obstacle. But
this faith is guided by more realistic expectation so that, even when some of
their goals are not met, those with confidence continue to be positive, to
believe in themselves and to accept their current limitations with renewed
energy. However, having high self-confidence does not mean they will be able to
do every thing they want. That view is unrealistic, one for the perfectionist.
A desire to be good at every thing we do, in order to impress others, stems
from a competitive instinct and lack of personal reinforcement. Any truly
successful life as both rewards and the ability to learn from any set backs,
which increase our resilience, self-belief and determination. Real confidence
requires that we face the possibility of failure constantly and deal with it.
However, if we consistently lose out on both achievement and validation, even
our identy is called into question. Self Confidence is essentially an attitude
which allows us to have a positive and realistic perception of ourselves and
our abilities. It is characterized by personal attributes such as
assertiveness, optimism, enthusiasm, affection, pride, independence, trust, the
ability to handle criticism and emotional maturity. In the words of Basavanna(1975),
“Self Confidence refers to an individual‟s perceived ability to act
effectively in a situation to overcome obstacles and to get things go all right.”
Having self-confidence does not mean that individuals will be able to do
everything. Self-confident people may have expectations that are not realistic.
However, even when some of their expectations are not met, they continue to be
positive and to accept themselves.
People who are not self-confident tend
to depend excessively on the approval of others in order to feel good about
them. As a result, they tend to avoid taking risk because they fear failure.
They generally do not expect to be successful. They
often put themselves down and tend to discount or ignore complements paid to
them. By contrast, Self-Confident people are willing to risk the disapproval of
others because they generally trust their own abilities. They tend to accept
themselves; they don’t feel they have to confirm in order to be accepted.
Hypothesis
“There will be no
significant difference between confidence of Gayatri Upasana practitioner and non-practitioner students.”
Research Methods
Sample and Sampling:
The 60 students of different courses at Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalya (DSVV) in
which N1=30 (18 Boys+12
Girls) which performs gayatri Upasana regularly and N2=30 (18
Boys+12 Girls) which not performs gayatri Upasana regularly were selected for
the test of Agnihotri Self Confidence Inventory . This research was carried out
using Accidental Sampling where we randomly assigned subjects as per their
availability.
Research Design: This
research was carried out using double groups Ex-post facto Research module..............
Tools: : Tool
used for the test is questionnaire based Agnihotri Self Confidence Inventory
developed by Dr.(Miss) Rekha Agnihotri ,P.G Department of Psychology R.G
College Meerut . It measures the Self Confidence among adolescents and adults.
Self-confidence refers to a person’s perceived ability to tackle situations
successfully without leaning on others and to have a positive self-evaluation.
Procedure:
Steps for Daily Gayatri
Upasana
Gayatri Upasana can be
performed mentally at any time in any circumstance. It is doubtlessly
beneficial in every condition. Nevertheless, performing it regularly and
religiously has greater significance and spiritual impact.
After daily routine and
taking bath one should sit, with a calm and quiet mind, at a fixed place and
fixed time. Minimum Jap of three malas of Gayatri is essential. The entire worship
takes about half an hour.
The Systematic Gayatri
Upasana has 4 steps
(1) Atmashodhan -
(Purification) - also called Panch Sandhya or Brahm Sandhya.
(2) Dev poojan
(Invocation)
(3) Jap &
Dhyan - ( recitation of Mantra with Meditation )
(4) Surya Arghyadan -
Visarjan
Each could be performed
in 2 to 5 minutes except japa and Dhyan. The latter should be performed for 15
minutes at least; the Sadhak could choose a longer duration as per his
convenience.
(1) Atmashodhan
(Purification) - (Also called Panch Sandhya/Brahm Sandhya )
One has to sit with
folded legs and perform following steps.
1. Pavitrikaran - sprinkling of water
on the body.
2. Achaman - pouring of three
spoons of water in the mouth.
3. Shikha-vandan - touching shikha,
the crown of the head.
4. Pranayam - inhaling deeply and
slowly, restraining and exhaling.
5. Nyas - taking water in left
palm dipping the fingers of right hand in the water and touching different
parts of the body with the tips of fingers of the right hand in the prescribed
manner.
With these five acts a
feeling of increasing purity and righteousness should be linked. Only pious and
nobly brilliant persons are entitled to get entry into the kingdom of God and
seek His grace. Therefore, the aspirants on the path of self-realization have
first of all, to do Atma-shodhan.
(2) Dev-poojan :-
True aspirants should
regard awakening of the indwelling maha-pragya, Ritambhara Gayatri, as
the fundamental aim of their worship. The picture of Gayatri Mata should
be kept on a decorated altar as a symbol of Maha-pragya and should be
saluted deferentially with head bowed down.
Intimacy is established
with the deity by Panchopchar worship by symbolic dedication of (i) Jal (water)
(ii) Akshat (rice) (iii) Pushp (Flowers) (iv) Dhoop-deep (incense and
lighted lamp) and (v) Naivedya (sweet offering), and keeping them one by one in
a dish.
Water is symbolic of
modesty and compassion. Rice implies happiness, prosperity and beauty.
Dhoop-deep implies spreading light by self-effacement. Naivedya implies
sweetness and gentleness of nature. By Panchopchar worship the Sadhak resolves
to equip his personality with righteousness.
(3) Jap & Dhyan
(Recitation of Mantra with Meditation ) :-
Minimum Jap of three malas of Gayatri has
to be done daily, which takes about 15 minutes time. It should be regarded as a
cleansing process. The object of Jap is to ardently invite divinity to
illuminate one’s innerself .
Dhyan (Mediation) While different parts of
the body get engaged in Jap, the mind should remain immersed in remembering the
Divine. In Sakar Dhyan, one has to sit in close proximity of Gayatri Mata and
feel continuous inflow of Her love and affection within him. In Nirakar dhyan,
one has to contemplate on the golden rising Sun and inflow of its rays in the
body and mind in the form of faith, Pragya and Nistha. This helps in
concentration of mind.
(4) Surya-Arghyadan,
Visarjan -
Water contained in the Kalash
kept on the Tulsi plant. Water symbolizes one’s own soul and Sun as symbol
of Virat, universal Brahma. Suryarghya implies surrender and
consecration of the individual self to the Virat Brahma (Omnipresent
God).
|
Raw
scores
|
Interpretation
|
|
7 and
below
|
Very
high self confidence
|
|
8-19
|
High
self confidence
|
|
20-32
|
Average
self confidence
|
|
33-44
|
Low self
confidence
|
|
45 and
above
|
Very low
self confidence
|
For the
purpose of study Agnihotri‟s Self Confidence Inventory (ASCI) by Dr.(Miss)
Rekha Ahnihotri was administered to the sample. Agnihotri‟s Self Confidence Inventory(ASCI)
has been designed by Dr.(Miss) Rekha Agnihotri in the year 1987 and published
under National Psychological Corporation, Agra. The ASCI has been designed in
Hindi to assess the level of Self-Confidence among adolescents and adults. The
abbreviated name has been used so that the respondent may not decipher the real
purpose of the test and fake good. The final form of the ASCI has 56 true-false
type items that works as perimeter to check self confidence of the adolescents.
After calculating raw scores as per scoring key interpretation of individual
score has been done on the basis of criteria depicted in table 1:
TABLE 1
Statistical Analysis:
For carrying out analysis of the data obtained we used t-Test: Paired Two
Sample for Means with the help of MS-Excel.
|
N
|
Mean
|
SD
|
SeM
|
r
|
t value
|
significance
|
|
|
G Upasana Practitioner
|
30
|
17.47
|
5.18
|
0.94
|
0.03
|
10.02
|
significance difference on both level
|
|
Non Practitioner
|
30
|
37.57
|
9.84
|
1.79
|
Note – Higher the score
lower Self Confidence .
|
Boys
|
N
|
Mean
|
SD
|
SEm
|
r
|
t value
|
significance
|
|
G Upasana Practitioner
|
18
|
16.11
|
4.88
|
1.15
|
0.023
|
8.015
|
significance difference on both level
0.05 & 0.01
|
|
Non Practitioner
|
18
|
38.722
|
10.63
|
2.5
|
|
|
Note – Higher the score
lower Self Confidence.
|
Girls
|
N
|
Mean
|
SD
|
SEm
|
r
|
t value
|
significance
|
|
G Upasana Practitioner
|
12
|
19.5
|
5.6
|
1.61
|
0.29
|
6.064
|
significance
difference on both level
|
|
Non Practitioner
|
12
|
35.83
|
8.5
|
2.45
|
Note – Higher the score
lower Self Confidence.
Discussion
The results of the study also show that the mean score of
the self confidence level of Gayatri Upasana performing students is
17.47 and S.D. is 0.95 as compare to Gayatri Upasana not
performing whose mean score is 37.57and S.D. is 1.79. It further shows that mean of self-confidence of
Gayatri Upasana performing students in comparison to that of Gayatri
Upasana not performing and the calculated t-value is 10.21 which is higher than
both the table values at 0.05(2.048 )and 0.01 (2.756)levels at 29 degree of
freedom. Therefore, the hypothesis of the Study that There will be no significant difference
between Self
Confidence of Gayatri Upasana Practitioner and non practitioner Students is rejected and it can be concluded that there is significant
difference between self-confidence of There will be no
significant difference between confidence of Gayatri Upasana performing and not performing students.
Conclusion:
Self-confidence
is the key to success. This confidence ultimately creates opportunities for
getting new achievement. To achieve even the smallest of goals, and to get
through life's daily duties and responsibilities you have to have some
self-confidence. In the present competitive and stressful life self-confidence
is very important for facing difficulties. Some people are born with it, some have to
work for it, and others do not know how to obtain it .Confidence is hard to
achieved,but there is some ways for increasing the level of self- confidence. For
growing confidence level, first start believing in yourself,act on that beliefs
and practice some selected yogic techniques. Now a days meditation techniques
is popular for growing confidence. Gayatri sadhana is good yogic techniques for
develop holistic approach of life.In our comparative research work, we have seen effects of Gayatri
sadhana on self-confidence among the Gayatri Upasana to compare with control
group.We studied upon boys and girls separately, the result has shown highly
significant among both of them than control group.
For carrying out analysis of the data obtained we used t-Test: Paired Two
Sample for Means with the help of MS-Excel. The results of the study has shown that the mean score
of the self confidence level of Gayatri Upasana performing students is
17.47 and S.D. is 0.95 as compare to Gayatri Upasana not
performing whose mean score is 37.57and S.D. is 1.79. It further shows that mean of self-confidence of
Gayatri Upasana practicing
students in comparison to that of Gayatri Upasana not performing and the
calculated t-value is 10.21 which is higher than both the table values at
0.05(2.048 )and 0.01 (2.756)levels at 29 degree of freedom. Therefore, the hypothesis of the Study that There will be no
significant difference between Self Confidence of Gayatri
Upasana Practitioner and non practitioner Students is rejected.
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